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Thursday, February 5, 2015

The ARRL Letter for February 5, 2015

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The ARRL Letter

February 5, 2015
Editor: Rick Lindquist, WW1ME
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Participation in ARRL Centennial On-the-Air Events Exceeds All Expectations

Attendance at the ARRL's on-the-air Centennial celebration in 2014 was through the roof! Approximately 3.5 million contacts were recorded for W1AW portable operations and the Centennial Points Challenge during the Centennial QSO Party last year.

"The Centennial QSO Party was a huge success, and participation was way greater than anyone anticipated it would be when we were in the planning stages," said Norm Fusaro, W3IZ, Assistant Manager, Field Services and Radiosport Department. As a result, the window for operators to apply and pay fees for awards they earned in the Centennial QSO Party is not expected to open until mid-March.

Fusaro said that while award certificates have been printed, the task of checking and double-checking the electronic logs and resolving any anomalies has put an unexpected burden on staff resources.

To compete in the Centennial Points Challenge, logs must have been submitted through Logbook of The World (LoTW). The system will automatically look for points-qualifying QSOs from submitted logs and apply them to each participant's Centennial QSO Points total. ARRL Headquarters has been recalculating all submitted scores to come up with final tallies.

"Recalculating will allow operators to earn points for contacts they made with stations that were not yet in the database when the logs went into LoTW," Fusaro explained. "Accuracy in fulfilling awards is important, and we need to get this right the first time. It's been a very time and staff-intensive process, researching busted call signs and running down claimed contacts and mode discrepancies for operators."

Enhancements to LoTW -- which served as the repository for Centennial QSO Party contacts -- also contributed to the delay. And a few operators logged on paper; those logs were keyed into the system manually.

The deadline to submit logs for 2014 via LoTW was January 22, but participants may apply for Centennial awards indefinitely, once the application process is up and running. Operators do not have to use LoTW to apply for Points Challenge certificates or W1AW WAS awards.

Qualifying for the Top Level Award requires 15,000 points. The Level 3 Award requires 7500 points, while the Level 2 and Level 1 awards require 3000 and 1000 points, respectively. Point totals will be printed on certificates.

QSL cards for W1AW portable and W100AW operations are not yet back from the printer. "We did not plan to have as many W1AW/p operators, which contributed to the bonanza of Centennial QSO Party contacts," Fusaro said. US stations that worked W1AW/p and W100AW during the Centennial may use the Centennial QSO Party web page to request QSL cards via the domestic Incoming QSL Service.

Fusaro explained that this is a one-time only use of the QSL Bureau for this purpose, and those who want to receive cards via the Bureau should ensure that their accounts are sufficiently funded, because cards will not be held. Cards destined for stations outside the US will be sent via the QSL Bureau. Participants may also request cards directly, providing one SASE for up to six cards per envelope.

W1AW/p and W100AW will not confirm every contact with traditional paper QSL cards, but will verify QSOs for each mode and on most bands on a single card for each weekly operation.

Eric Nichols, KL7AJ, Selected as 2014 Bill Orr, W6SAI, Technical Writing Award Winner

Eric Nichols, KL7AJ, of North Pole, Alaska, has been named as the winner of the Bill Orr, W6SAI, Technical Writing Award for 2014. Nichols was recognized for his article "Using Your Grid Dip Meter Oscillator," which appeared in the February 2014 issue of QST. The Orr Award is bestowed each year to the QST author who writes an outstanding article or series on new or existing technologies or on methods or means of amateur communication. Articles must be written

Eric Nichols, KL7AJ, at home in North Pole, Alaska.

in an easy-to-understand style worthy of the Bill Orr "stamp of approval," and they should encourage interest and expand the knowledge and understanding of amateurs who may lack a strong technical background.

"Eric's article was chosen, because it did an outstanding job of explaining how to use a device -- the grid dip oscillator -- that has been somewhat forgotten by many amateurs," said Steve Ford, WB8IMY, QST Editor in Chief and ARRL Publications Manager. "Eric did an excellent job of explaining why this device is still useful and how to put it to use."

Licensed in 1972 as WN6TEE in California, Nichols is a former broadcast engineer who now works at Eielson Air Force Base. He has written many articles for various Amateur Radio publications over the past 30 years and describes himself as "a fanatic homebrewer and CW freak." Nichols also works as a consultant to the High Power Auroral Stimulation (HIPAS) Observatory, operated by UCLA, and at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility. He is the author of Radio Science for the Radio Amateur (available from ARRL), Plasma Dreams, and The Opus of Amateur Radio Knowledge and Lore.

"It's certainly an honor to receive the William Orr Technical Writing Award!" Nichols said. "Thanks for your vote of confidence!"

The QST editorial staff serves as the selection panel and recommends the winner from a review of the year's QST articles to the ARRL Foundation Board for final approval at its Annual Meeting. The award comprises an engraved plaque and $250, to be presented at an ARRL convention.

Established in 1973 by the ARRL, the ARRL Foundation is a separate IRS 501(c)(3) organization that administers programs to support the Amateur Radio community. The Foundation is funded entirely through the generosity of radio amateurs and friends. ARRL Foundation programs for Amateur Radio award scholarships for higher education, grants for Amateur Radio projects, and special Amateur Radio program grants for The Victor C. Clark Youth Incentive Program and The Jesse A. Bieberman Meritorious Membership Program.

ARISS Selects 15 Possible ISS Amateur Radio Contact Hosts for 2015 Events

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) has selected 15 semifinalists to host ham radio contacts with ISS crew members during 2015. ARISS anticipates that NASA will provide 12 scheduling opportunities for US hosts between May and December. The 15 semifinalists, representing schools and educational organizations as well as one event, now must submit acceptable equipment plans that demonstrate their ability to carry out the Amateur Radio event. Once the ARISS technical team approves an equipment plan, ARISS will attempt to schedule schools or organizations as their availability and flexibility match up with the opportunities offered by NASA. ARISS does not expect to be able to schedule all 15 schools on the list of semifinalists.

"This is a significant step in ARISS's continuing effort to engage young people in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math activities and raise their awareness of human spaceflight," an ARISS media release said. "ARISS was encouraged by the high level of interest in the education community, evidenced by the significant number of submitted proposals and the quality of the submissions."

The 15 finalists are Bay View Elementary School, Burlington, Washington; Corpus Christi Catholic School, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania; Daggett Montessori School K-8, Fort Worth, Texas; Dearborn Public Schools, Dearborn, Michigan; Grady High School Robotics Team, Atlanta, Georgia; Kopernik Observatory & Science Center, Vestal, New York; Maconaquah School Corporation, Bunker Hill, Indiana; Moon Day/Frontiers of Flight Museum, Dallas, Texas; New Mexico Military Institute, Roswell, New Mexico; Pima County 4H/Vail Vaqueros 4-H Club, Tucson, Arizona; Space Jam 9, Rantoul, Illinois; Ste Genevieve du Bois Catholic Elementary School, Warson Woods, Missouri; Tulsa Community College-NE Campus, Tulsa, Oklahoma; United Space School, Seabrook, Texas, and West Michigan Aviation Academy, Grand Rapids, Michigan.

2016 ARISS Contact Proposal Window Opens February 15

The next US ARISS contact proposal window will be open between February 15 and April 15. ARISS is seeking formal and informal educational institutions and organizations, individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with an ISS crew member between January 1 and June 30, 2016. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits determine the exact contact dates.

ARISS is looking for organizations that have the potential to draw large numbers of participants and can integrate the contact into a well-developed educational plan.

Students at Mill Springs Academy in Alpharetta, Georgia, queue up in September 2013 to speak via Amateur Radio with astronaut Chris Cassidy, KF5KDR, onboard the ISS.

FM voice contacts with ISS crew members last about 10 minutes -- the typical length of an orbital pass -- and allow students and educators to interact with the astronauts in a question-and-answer format. ARISS contacts afford an opportunity to learn firsthand from astronauts and cosmonauts what it is like to live and work in space and about ISS research. Students will also have an opportunity to learn about satellite communication, wireless technology, and radio science.

Because of the nature of human spaceflight and scheduling complexity, schools and organizations must demonstrate flexibility to accommodate changes in contact dates and times.

Amateur Radio organizations around the world, NASA, and space agencies in Russia, Canada, Japan, and Europe sponsor this educational opportunity by providing the equipment and operational support to enable communication between ISS crew and students around the world via Amateur Radio.

In the US, ARISS is managed by the ARRL and AMSAT, in partnership with NASA. Details on expectations, audience, proposal guidelines, and proposal form, and dates and times of information sessions are on the ARRL website. E-mail ARISS with any questions.

K1N Navassa Island DXpedition Dominates HF Bands

The antennas are up, the gear deployed, and all 15 operators are on site and in their chairs. The K1N Navassa Island operation, which came up on 40 and 80 meter CW in the middle of the Super Bowl on February 2, is now a full-blown DXpedition, with stations on the air on as many bands and modes as the team can muster. K1N hopes to remain on the air until February 12. As might be expected with a major DXpedition to the #2 (all modes) most-wanted

This pileup for K1N extended some 15 kHz or more up the band. The blue represents the overall pileup, while the green shows the stations calling at the time the photo was taken. The red vertical line indicates K1N's transmit frequency.

DXCC entity, the pileups have been spectacular. While there has been some undesirable behavior and poor operating practice -- such as not paying attention to the operator's instructions -- things have gone fairly smoothly. For many US operators, it's been a matter of "so close, yet so far away," as they plea to be heard from within the din.

"It has been very windy and very hot...and very dirty," team member Glenn Johnson, W0GJ, said in a post this week. "We have heavy rains every evening, collected for washing, as we all feel very grubby." Johnson said inclement weather plagued and delayed deployment, and daytime temperatures have been in the 110° to 120° range. Upon arrival the team reported seeing "rats as large as cats, scorpions, and black widow spiders."

Initial log uploads to ClubLog have been completed, and the log page on the K1N website activated. The first uploads contain more than 22,000 contacts.

The old Navassa Island Iighthouse is serving as a convenient antenna support structure.

Johnson said that everyone is in good spirits and healthy. "We have been very pleased with pileup cooperation when working the difficult JA/Asia/Oceania windows," he added. "We can hear a din of pileup activity, and, at times, difficult-to-pull-out individual calls on these long hauls."

The K1N RTTY operator has asked callers not to include any information beyond a signal report when working the DXpedition on that mode. Including anything more can slow down their QSO rate.

Team member Bob Allphin, K4UEE, said deliberate QRM was "at expected levels," and he encouraged operators to fill out a Deliberate QRM (DQRM) report to help isolate the locations of offenders. "There's a DQRM button on every page of our website," he said. "In addition, you can go directly to www.dqrmreport.com and file there."


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RadioShack's Long, Slow Downward Slide Nears the End

The end is near for RadioShack. It seems inevitable that the once seemingly ubiquitous electronics and cell phone retailer will liquidate its assets, after which RadioShack would cease to exist. A number of legal steps would have to come first, including a bankruptcy filing. The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) de-listed RadioShack on February 2, after the company failed to maintain a required minimum value. BloombergBusiness has reported that behind-the-scenes talks are under way to sell approximately half of RadioShack's owned-and-operated stores to Sprint and shutter the remaining outlets, although other scenarios involving other entities are possible.

The nearly century-old Fort Worth, Texas, based retailer -- once a go-to shop for electronic components and, at one point, even Amateur Radio and shortwave receivers -- has lost 90 percent of its value over the past year, despite efforts to refinance and modernize its stores. Before being de-listed on February 2, RadioShack's stock was selling for just 24 cents a share.

The hedge fund Standard General LP loaned the retailer $535 million last fall and would be the lead bidder in a bankruptcy filing and debtor-in-possession financing, BloombergBusiness said.

RadioShack once offered entry-level short-wave receivers, Citizens Band gear, a wide array of discrete components -- including transistors, resistors, and capacitors -- and, for a time, a fairly popular 2 meter hand-held transceiver and two different models of 10 meter single-band transceivers, although it failed in its effort to develop and market a VHF/UHF hand-held radio. Over the years, RadioShack has offered fewer discrete components in its brick-and-mortar stores, moving that stock and other products to its online outlet, as it shifted its marketing focus to cell phones, consumer electronics, and various battery-operated gadgets.

A year ago, after a dismal holiday showing, RadioShack announced plans to close 1100 stores, including 900 company-owned outlets. Due to the high costs involved with closing the stores, liquidating merchandise, lease penalties, and severances, however, the company has been able to shut down fewer than 200 outlets. RadioShack was reported to have about $60 million in cash heading into the 2014 holiday season.

RadioShack has made no comment on the reports.

Amateur Radio Payloads Share Ride into Space with Soil Moisture Monitoring Satellite

Four NASA Educational Launch of Nanosatellites (ELaNA-X) CubeSats carrying Amateur Radio payloads launched successfully January 31 from California's Vandenberg Air Force Base. The primary

A Delta 2 launcher lifts of on January 31 from Vandenberg AFB carrying the SMAP satellite and four CubeSats with Amateur Radio payloads into space. [NASA photo by Bob Ingalls]

payload for the Delta II launcher was the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite. The SMAP on-board radar will share Amateur Radio spectrum at 1.26 GHz. Amateur Radio is secondary on the 23 centimeter band, which covers 1240 to 1300 MHz.

"This is a good example of a compatible sharing partner," ARRL CEO David Sumner, K1ZZ, observed. "Any interference to amateur communication in the band will be brief as the satellite passes overhead."

SMAP and the four CubeSats all deployed successfully. The research CubeSats, launched on behalf of universities, will downlink their telemetry on the 70 centimeter band. The CubeSats and their downlink frequencies (modes) are:

Firebird II FU3

437.405 MHz (19k2 FSK)

Firebird I FU4

437.230 MHz (19k2 FSK)

GRIFEX

437.485 MHz (9k6 FSK)

ExoCube (CP-10)

437.270 MHz (9k6 FSK)

The GRIFEX satellite is a University of Michigan project, in cooperation with JPL, while ExoCube (CP-10) is a space weather satellite developed by the California Polytechnic State University-San Luis

The ExoCube (CP10) CubeSat. [University of California-San Luis Obispo photo]

Obispo and the University of Wisconsin in partnership with NASA, and sponsored by the National Science Foundation. The FIREBIRD program is a collaborative CubeSat space weather mission of two CubeSats designed and developed by Montana State University, the University of New Hampshire, The Aerospace Corporation, and Los Alamos National Laboratories -- the FIREBIRD consortium. The FIREBIRD mission is also funded by the NSF.

SMAP carries a "synthetic aperture radar." The L band (1.26 GHz) radar is designed to measure backscatter off the Earth's surface. The amount of backscatter returned to the radar changes with the amount of moisture in the soil. RF pulses at this frequency are less affected by weather or by a moderate vegetation cover. The satellite is approximately 425 miles up in a near-polar, sun-synchronous orbit. SMAP also includes a radiometer operating at 1.41 GHz to measure naturally occurring RF energy given off by Earth's surface.

Ham Among Devil's Brigade Members to Receive Medal

A 90-year-old California radio amateur -- Stan McEtchin, WB6KDZ, of Paradise -- was among the surviving members of the First Special Operations Force (FSSF), known as "The Devil's Brigade," to receive the Congressional Gold Medal on February 3. The medal recognizes the unit's extraordinary heroism and service during World War II.

Stan McEtchin, WB6KDZ, is interviewed by KHSL ActionNewsNow. [KHSL ActionNewsNow video image]

"We used to go behind the lines at night and sit out there, and we could hear the Germans talking," McEtchin told The Paradise Post. "Our guy would write it down, so we would find out where their guns were and that kind of thing."

Montana US Senators Jon Tester and Max Baucus worked for 5 years to honor the unit. "The Devil's Brigade represented the very best of our Greatest Generation that defeated tyranny around the world," Tester said. "The Medal is the highest honor Congress can bestow, and yet, while a small token of this nation's gratitude, it is an everlasting reminder of the sacrifices these men made for all of us." Remarked Baucus, "Without these brave volunteers, there would be no Special Forces today."

Based at Fort Harrison in Helena, Montana, the Devil's Brigade was a top-secret combat unit comprising 1800 volunteers from 49 states, the District of Columbia, Canada, and Australia. Their training was the first of its kind, specializing in high alpine combat, covert amphibious landings, parachuting, mountain climbing, among other tactics. By the time the war ended, the Force had suffered 2314 casualties, equating to an astounding 134 percent of its original combat strength. It had captured more than 30,000 prisoners, won five US campaign stars and eight Canadian battle honors. The Force never failed a mission.

"The people in this group were not ordinary people," McEtchin told The Paradise Post. "That is the kind of people that they were, they would just succeed at everything they did."

Not ordinary people: Some members of "The Devil's Brigade" take a break near Anzio, Italy, in 1943. [US Army Archive photo]

The unit was instrumental in the liberation of Rome, surprising and defeating massive German artillery units located on treacherous mountain peaks and rocky islands, and in freeing communities in southern France and Italy despite bitter resistance and extreme conditions. The Force also engaged in large-scale raids against the infamous German Hermann Goering First Panzer Paratroop Division. The unit paved the way for the nation's modern elite Special Forces, of such highly trained units as the Green Berets and the Navy SEALs. About 75 members of The Devil's Brigade are believed to be still alive.

The Congressional Gold Medal is the nation's highest award for distinguished achievement. Past recipients have included members of the Tuskegee Airmen, Gen. Douglas MacArthur, and Jimmy Doolittle's Tokyo Raiders. The Canadian government recognized members of the Force in 2012. The presentation ceremony at Expedition Hall in Washington, DC, was televised on C-SPAN and remains available on the C-SPAN website. Also visit "Suicide Missions: The Black Devils" on YouTube. McEtchin also recalled his World War II experiences in an interview on KHSL's ActionNewsNow. -- Thanks to the Golden Empire Amateur Radio Society (GEARS) Radiator, media accounts

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Past ARRL Dakota Division Director Howard Mark, K3HM, SK

Past ARRL Dakota Division Director Howard Mark, K3HM (ex-W0OZC), of Burnsville, Minnesota, died on January 24. He was 81. An ARRL member, Mark was licensed in 1957. He was appointed as ARRL Dakota Vice Director in 1982 to fill a vacancy. He served in that post until 1986, when he succeeded Tod Olson, K0TO, as Director after Olson was elected as ARRL International Affairs Vice President. Mark stepped down as Director in 1993, when he moved out of the Division to Las Vegas, Nevada.

Howard Mark, K3HM.

"Howard had been failing the last week or two, and his passing still comes with great sorrow to everyone," said Mike Sigelman, K0BUD, a good friend. "Howard Mark was a highly intelligent person who set a fine example of a great husband and family man and one very devoted to his friends and to our hobby! I know he will be missed by all of us."

During his 17 years in Las Vegas, Mark was an active member of the Las Vegas Radio Amateur Club (LVRAC) and held various club leadership roles. Within the club he became known as "The Voice of Summerlin," after the community where he lived. Mark served as the club's net control operator for many years, and he regularly organized LVRAC's participation in such public service activities as the Las Vegas Marathon, the Baker to Vegas Challenge Cup Relay, and the American Diabetes Association's Tour de Cure.

Survivors include his wife, Margi. The family will hold a private memorial observance.

Nevada Section Manager Gary Grant, K7VY, SK

ARRL Nevada Section Manager Gary Grant, K7VY, of Reno, died February 1, after a period of ill health. He was 78. Grant was a native of Glendale, California, and was licensed in 1956.

During his more than 50 years of ARRL membership, Grant served in several Field Organization positions, including Official Observer and OO Coordinator, Volunteer Examiner, and Assistant Section Manager. Grant was appointed Section Manager last year to complete the remaining term of SM Joe Giraudo, N7JEH, who stepped down because of increased business travel and who recommended Grant to succeed him. That term ends June 30.

Gary Grant, K7VY. [Gino Calestini, KB7POU, video image]

Grant had enjoyed an extensive career in broadcast engineering and previously worked for Collins Radio in Iowa and California. In 1962, he began work as a TV engineer for KCRL and KRNV in Reno, a job he continued for 30 years before taking a position with the University of Nevada-Reno. He retired from UNR in 2000, after 23 years of service. Grant also once owned Sierra Electronics, a two-way radio company.

Grant had a reputation as a consummate Elmer. A new licensee, Gino Calestini, KG7POU, said Grant was his Elmer. "Gary helped me in so many ways," Calestini said, "I had this dream burning inside me to become a ham and to help others. [Gary] handed me his card and he never stopped being there for me." Calestini started his Amateur Radio Club website and did his first live video interview with Grant during the Reno hamfest last September, posting it on YouTube. Calestini said Grant was "the definition of Elmer" who "deserves to be honored in so many ways."

In addition to the ARRL, Grant was a member of the Quarter Century Wireless Association and the University of Nevada-Reno Radio Pack.

Survivors include his wife, Elizabeth, and their two children.

The position of Nevada Section Manager will be filled by appointment. -- Thanks to John Bigley, K7UR

Long-time ARRL Kansas Section Manager Robert M. "Bob" Summers, K0BXF, SK

Former ARRL Kansas Section Manager Bob Summers, K0BXF, of Kansas City, Kansas, died on January 10. He was 86. Summers served as the Kansas Section Manager for more than 30 years -- from

Bob Summers, K0BXF.

1965 until 1996. He subsequently served as the Kansas Section Emergency Coordinator from 2003 to 2012, and he held Field Organization appointments as an Official Relay Station and Official Bulletin Station.

A surveyor, Summers was the city street inspector for Kansas City, Kansas, during his working years. In addition to his ARRL activities, Summers volunteered as a Boy Scouts of America leader and with the American Red Cross.

Summers also was involved in the Military Auxiliary Radio System (MARS) program, enjoyed HF mobile operation and CW. In addition to the ARRL and the QCWA, Summers was a member of the Jayhawk Amateur Radio Society.

Survivors include his wife, and a son and daughter.


In Brief...

School Club Roundup is February 9-13! A reminder: The "Winter/Spring Term" School Club Roundup gets under way on Monday, February 9, at 1300 UTC, and continues through Friday, February 13, at 2359 UTC. Stations may operate no more than 6 hours in any 24 hour period (up to a maximum of 24 hours). The twice-yearly event is an opportunity for school club stations -- from elementary school to college -- to get on the air for a friendly radio activity. Non-school clubs and individuals are encouraged to participate too. In the photo Deavana takes part in the 2012 School Club Roundup from KF5CRF, the Viking Radio Club, at Eisenhower Middle School in Lawton, Oklahoma.

EP6T Team Hopes DXpedition will Boost Ham Radio in Iran: Some 68,000 contacts later, the EP6T DXpedition operators are back home after dealing with "extremely difficult circumstances" on Kish Island in Iran. The sponsoring Rockall DX Group in Belgium said it achieved its goal of promoting Amateur Radio in Iran and opening the door for future operations from the rare DXCC entity by local amateurs and DXpeditions. A top government telecommunications official has assured the group that his agency will continue to support Amateur Radio in Iran by creating license exams and establishing new clubs. The Rockall DX Group provided an Amateur Radio training guide to Iran, which is being translated into Farsi. QSL cards and a DXpedition video are in process. -- Thanks to The Daily DX

Hurricane Watch Net Stalwart Bob Botik, K5SIV, SK: Hurricane Watch Net (HWN) veteran Bob Botik, K5SIV, of Austin, Texas, died January 31, after a period of ill health. "Those who knew Bob remember his commanding presence on air from his station in Austin, as it was unique," said HWN Manager Bobby Graves, KB5HAV. "His voice was both calming and reassuring to anyone caught in an emergency situation." Botik was among the key players in the aftermath of Hurricane Mitch in 1998, which hit Honduras. "He was there to assist bush pilots in getting to and from their destinations," Graves recounted. Botik also was active with the Maritime Mobile Service Net and was involved with several at-sea rescues.

AMSAT-NA 2015 Space Symposium and Annual Meeting Set for October in Dayton: The 2015 AMSAT Space Symposium and Annual Meeting will take place October 16-18, at the Crowne Plaza in downtown Dayton, Ohio. The Space Symposium will include presentations on amateur satellite operating techniques and news from the amateur satellite world. The AMSAT-NA Board of Directors will convene, and the meeting will be open to AMSAT members. Additional information will be announced as it becomes available. -- Thanks to AMSAT News Service

Deadline for Boston Marathon Ham Volunteers is February 10: Volunteer registration is open until February 10 for radio amateurs seeking to volunteer during the Boston Marathon on Monday, April 20, and the Boston Athletic Association 5K (BAA 5K) race that occurs April 18. The early deadline is due both to the scale of the events and to security concerns. Last year, more than 300 radio amateurs participated in Boston Marathon support. Volunteers for both races should first register on the BAA website. Once you have a confirmation number, register and/or log into the Marathon Amateur Radio Communications (Minuteman Repeater Association) website and complete the registration form to get a specific assignment. For more information contact BAA Public Service Coordinator Brett Smith, AB1RL.

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Getting It Right...

Several subscribers have reported that occasional photographs appearing in The ARRL Letter have displayed incorrectly oriented. Others -- most often Gmail users -- have reported that headlines appear in the same typeface as the articles, making it difficult to tell where articles begin. These issues are related to the software used to view The ARRL Letter. It appears that some software recognizes that a photo has been rotated or that headlines are formatted in large red typeface, and some does not, but other factors may be in play, and we are looking into this problem further. The edition of The ARRL Letter that appears on the ARRL website should display photos and headlines correctly.


The K7RA Solar Update

Solar activity rose over the past week, with average daily sunspot numbers rising from 89.1 to 139 in the 7 days ending February 4.

Average daily solar flux rose from 136.8 to 151.1. This is the second week in a row in which we saw higher sunspot numbers and solar flux than in the previous 7 days.

Twice over the past week the daily solar flux numbers had to be adjusted downward, due to overloading of the receiver at Penticton, the Canadian observatory which provides those readings. On January 29 the reading was 171.8. This was revised downward to an estimated 165, and again on February 4, when 154.4 was lowered to 145.

A new sunspot appeared on January 29, two more showed up on February 2, and another one on February 4. The average daily sunspot number for January was 101.3.

This weekly "Solar Update" in The ARRL Letter is a preview of the "Propagation Bulletin" issued each Friday. The latest bulletin and an archive of past propagation bulletins is on the ARRL website.

For Friday's bulletin, expect an updated forecast for the near term and reports from readers, plus an updated moving average of daily sunspot numbers. Send me your reports and observations. -- Tad Cook, K7RA


Just Ahead in Radiosport
  • February 6 -- NS Weekly Sprint (CW)

  • February 6 -- YL-OM Contest (SSB, CW, Digital)

  • February 6-8 -- Triathlon DX Contest (SSB, CW, Digital)

  • February 7 -- Straight Key Weekend Sprintathon

  • February 7 -- FYBO Winter QRP Field Day (SSB, CW)

  • February 7 -- Minnesota QSO Party (SSB, CW, Digital)

  • February 7 -- Straight Key Party

  • February 7-8 -- Vermont QSO Party (SSB, CW, Digital)

  • February 7-8 -- YLISSB QSO Party

  • February 7-8 -- Ten-Ten Winter Phone QSO Party

  • February 7-8 -- Black Sea Cup International (SSB, CW)

  • February 7-8 -- British Columbia QSO Party (SSB, CW, Digital)

  • February 7-8 -- XE International RTTY Contest

  • February 7-8 -- AM QSO Party

  • February 8 -- North American Sprint (CW)

  • February 8-9 -- Classic Exchange (Phone)

  • February 8 -- Milwaukee FM Simplex Contest

  • February 9-13 -- School Club Roundup (SSB, FM, CW)

  • February 11 -- NAQCC Monthly QRP Sprint (CW)

See the ARRL Contest Calendar for more information.


Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions and Events

Find conventions and hamfests in your area.


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WBUSA(tm) Weather of Cities in The United States

Selected Cities

SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 1 OF 4
NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
750 AM EST THU FEB 05 2015

TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME HIGH...NIGHTTIME LOW
B INDICATES TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO
PRECIPITATION FOR 24 HOURS ENDING AT 7 AM EST

                                FORECAST        FORECAST
                 WED...FEB 04   THU....FEB 05   FRI....FEB 06
CITY             HI/LO   PCPN   WEA     HI/LO   WEA     HI/LO

ABILENE TX       65  28         MOCLDY  45/34   SUNNY   72/48
AKRON CANTON     38  11   .27   PTCLDY  12/01   MOCLDY  27/24
ALBANY NY        31  25   .03   SNOW    22/06B  MOCLDY  19/16
ALBUQUERQUE      64  32         SUNNY   61/32   SUNNY   64/36
ALLENTOWN        34  26         SNOSHW  29/03   PTCLDY  23/16
AMARILLO         52  21         PTCLDY  54/34   SUNNY   76/40
ANCHORAGE        16  02         SUNNY   22/08   SUNNY   15/04B
ASHEVILLE        53  34         MOCLDY  35/16   SUNNY   47/25
ATLANTA          50  41         MOCLDY  45/25   SUNNY   52/35
ATLANTIC CITY    44  32         MOCLDY  35/09   SUNNY   31/22
AUSTIN           57  41         MOCLDY  44/36   PTCLDY  64/46
BALTIMORE        51  29         MOCLDY  30/12   SUNNY   34/22
BATON ROUGE      49  43   .59   MOCLDY  53/33   SUNNY   57/38
BILLINGS         31  30         WINDY   49/36   WINDY   61/39
BIRMINGHAM       51  40         MOCLDY  44/22   SUNNY   52/34
BISMARCK         08  07B        PTCLDY  30/19   MOCLDY  31/19
BOISE            52  39   .04   CLOUDY  53/45   CLOUDY  53/45
BOSTON           38  33   .01   SNOW    30/02B  MOCLDY  17/13
BRIDGEPORT       36  29         SNOW    30/04   MOCLDY  21/16
BROWNSVILLE      66  55         MOCLDY  62/50   MOCLDY  64/55
BUFFALO          32  12   .27   MOCLDY  11/01   MOCLDY  20/18
BURLINGTON VT    30  13   .08   MOCLDY  14/10B  MOCLDY  18/10
CARIBOU          14  14   .08   SNOSHW  19/15B  VRYCLD  03/05B
CASPER           27  14   .03   MOCLDY  48/37   WINDY   53/39
CHARLESTON SC    57  45   .67   RAIN    57/27   SUNNY   49/30
CHARLESTON WV    53  25   .07   MOCLDY  26/14   PTCLDY  40/29
CHARLOTTE        53  37         MOCLDY  46/17   SUNNY   48/28
CHATTANOOGA      52  34         PTCLDY  39/21   SUNNY   51/32
CHEYENNE         23  21   .14   BLGSNO  51/35   WINDY   62/39
CHICAGO          20  02B  .02   SUNNY   15/10   MOCLDY  32/26
CINCINNATI       48  14   .07   PTCLDY  25/15   MOCLDY  37/29
CLEVELAND        35  07   .27   VRYCLD  10/05   MOCLDY  27/24
COLORADO SPGS    36  22         PTCLDY  59/35   PTCLDY  68/34
COLUMBIA SC      55  44   .01   PTCLDY  55/23   SUNNY   50/29
COLUMBUS GA      50  40   .05   MOCLDY  54/28   SUNNY   55/32
COLUMBUS OH      42  11   .14   SUNNY   18/10   MOCLDY  32/25

$$
SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 2 OF 4
NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
750 AM EST THU FEB 05 2015

TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME HIGH...NIGHTTIME LOW
B INDICATES TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO
PRECIPITATION FOR 24 HOURS ENDING AT 7 AM EST

                                FORECAST        FORECAST
                 WED...FEB 04   THU....FEB 05   FRI....FEB 06
CITY             HI/LO   PCPN   WEA     HI/LO   WEA     HI/LO

CONCORD NH       31  28   .16   SNOW    24/11B  MOCLDY  16/10
CORPUS CHRISTI   61  55         DRZL    56/45   PTCLDY  60/52
DALLAS FT WORTH  57  31         FZDRZL  41/33   SUNNY   62/46
DAYTON           45  11   .09   FLRRYS  18/13   MOCLDY  32/26
DAYTONA BEACH    70  60   .63   SHWRS   63/48   PTCLDY  61/44
DENVER           30  23   .10   MOCLDY  58/38   PTCLDY  70/41
DES MOINES       19  09B  .07   SUNNY   19/16   MOCLDY  36/27
DETROIT          32  03   .09   PTCLDY  13/06   MOCLDY  25/20
DULUTH           08  08B        PTCLDY  19/09   SNOW    21/15
EL PASO          72  38         SUNNY   65/38   SUNNY   71/43
ELKINS           50  22   .07   SNOSHW  19/02B  PTCLDY  33/21
ERIE             35  08   .23   VRYCLD  08/02   MOCLDY  22/22
EUGENE           52  49         RAIN    57/49   RAIN    56/48
EVANSVILLE       51  16   .03   SUNNY   30/18   PTCLDY  45/34
FAIRBANKS       B11  30B        FOG    B12/37B  FOG    B20/38B
FARGO            09  04B        PTCLDY  28/10   CLOUDY  24/16
FLAGSTAFF        61  22         PTCLDY  62/27   SUNNY   63/29
FLINT            28  06B        PTCLDY  13/07   MOCLDY  28/20
FORT SMITH       61  27   .02   SUNNY   44/28   SUNNY   66/38
FORT WAYNE       34  01   .24   PTCLDY  15/05   MOCLDY  30/23
FRESNO           77  48         PTCLDY  72/51   MOCLDY  68/53
GOODLAND         23  15         PTCLDY  62/36   SUNNY   75/37
GRAND JUNCTION   55  35         PTCLDY  58/29   SUNNY   58/31
GRAND RAPIDS     25  01         MOCLDY  17/13   MOCLDY  29/22
GREAT FALLS      38  36         MOCLDY  51/41   WINDY   59/43
GREEN BAY        19  02B        PTCLDY  14/08   MOCLDY  25/17
GREENSBORO       54  36         PTCLDY  42/18   SUNNY   45/29
HARRISBURG       40  29         MOCLDY  30/05   PTCLDY  28/19
HARTFORD SPGFLD  38  31   .06   SNOW    30/03B  MOCLDY  17/11
HELENA           34  30         MOCLDY  51/34   MOCLDY  55/36
HONOLULU         83  73   .02   SHWRS   79/65   SHWRS   79/66
HOUSTON INTCNTL  61  52         MOCLDY  56/39   PTCLDY  61/46
HUNTSVILLE AL    52  34         PTCLDY  40/22   SUNNY   51/32
INDIANAPOLIS     42  06   .07   SUNNY   19/13   PTCLDY  36/29
JACKSON MS       51  43         MOCLDY  48/25   SUNNY   58/36
JACKSONVILLE     56  51  1.24   SHWRS   60/35   SUNNY   56/37
JUNEAU           32  14         WINDY   27/09   SNOW    12/10
KANSAS CITY      24  03   .05   PTCLDY  28/23   SUNNY   51/33
KEY WEST         77  71         SHWRS   77/64   PTCLDY  72/64
KNOXVILLE        52  35         MOCLDY  34/15   SUNNY   48/29
LAKE CHARLES     53  48   .24   MOCLDY  55/36   SUNNY   57/43
LANSING          24  03B        PTCLDY  14/09   MOCLDY  28/22
LAS VEGAS        71  51         PTCLDY  71/49   PTCLDY  72/50
LEXINGTON        52  17   .02   SUNNY   27/16   PTCLDY  41/30

$$
SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 3 OF 4
NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
750 AM EST THU FEB 05 2015

TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME HIGH...NIGHTTIME LOW
B INDICATES TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO
PRECIPITATION FOR 24 HOURS ENDING AT 7 AM EST

                                FORECAST        FORECAST
                 WED...FEB 04   THU....FEB 05   FRI....FEB 06
CITY             HI/LO   PCPN   WEA     HI/LO   WEA     HI/LO

LINCOLN          19  16B  .07   PTCLDY  27/20   SUNNY   43/25
LITTLE ROCK      59  31   .02   SUNNY   40/25   SUNNY   56/39
LOS ANGELES      72  55         MOCLDY  70/53   MOCLDY  71/55
LOUISVILLE       54  17   .02   SUNNY   29/18   PTCLDY  44/33
LUBBOCK          71  25         MOCLDY  52/32   SUNNY   75/41
MACON            49  42   .12   PTCLDY  55/24   SUNNY   53/30
MADISON          19  05B        SUNNY   14/06   MOCLDY  29/20
MEDFORD          60  43         RAIN    57/48   RAIN    56/48
MEMPHIS          56  28         SUNNY   39/25   SUNNY   52/40
MIAMI BEACH      77  72         SHWRS   78/60   MOCLDY  72/60
MIDLAND ODESSA   76  30         MOCLDY  49/31   SUNNY   72/38
MILWAUKEE        20  02         SUNNY   14/10   MOCLDY  28/24
MPLS ST PAUL     15  06B        SUNNY   21/11   FZDRZL  28/18
MISSOULA         36  31   .01   CLOUDY  41/33   RAIN    47/35
MOBILE           46  40   .52   MOCLDY  56/29   SUNNY   58/39
MONTGOMERY       51  40   .02   MOCLDY  53/25   SUNNY   57/33
NASHVILLE        54  25         SUNNY   34/19   SUNNY   48/33
NEW ORLEANS      52  47   .79   MOCLDY  55/38   SUNNY   56/44
NEW YORK CITY    42  34         SNOW    30/09   MOCLDY  25/23
NEWARK           40  33         SNOW    30/09   MOCLDY  25/21
NORFOLK VA       55  41         WINDY   46/17   SUNNY   42/30
NORTH PLATTE     16  03B  .05   PTCLDY  48/22   PTCLDY  57/22
OKLAHOMA CITY    48  20         SUNNY   40/28   WINDY   67/43
OMAHA            19  05B  .09   SUNNY   24/17   PTCLDY  40/23
ORLANDO          75  63  1.52   SHWRS   67/47   PTCLDY  66/45
PADUCAH          53  18         SUNNY   32/19   PTCLDY  46/34
PENDLETON        45  37   .03   RAIN    55/47   RAIN    60/43
PEORIA           24  01B  .21   SUNNY   17/13   PTCLDY  34/27
PHILADELPHIA     47  34         MOCLDY  34/11   PTCLDY  29/23
PHOENIX          77  55         SUNNY   80/55   SUNNY   82/56
PITTSBURGH       42  15   .02   MOCLDY  16/07   PTCLDY  29/23
POCATELLO        48  36   .06   MOCLDY  57/35   MOCLDY  57/40
PORTLAND ME      33  30   .20   SNOW    25/02B  MOCLDY  15/10
PORTLAND OR      53  44   .11   RAIN    55/50   RAIN    55/48
PROVIDENCE       39  31         SNOW    32/03B  MOCLDY  17/13
PUEBLO           42  25         PTCLDY  61/27   SUNNY   74/26
RALEIGH DURHAM   54  41         MOCLDY  47/19   SUNNY   45/27
RAPID CITY       21  12         MOCLDY  51/32   PTCLDY  63/37
RENO             65  36         WINDY   69/44   WINDY   63/42
RICHMOND         57  40         MOCLDY  43/16   SUNNY   44/27
ROANOKE          56  39         MOCLDY  42/18   SUNNY   45/27
ROCHESTER NY     34  13   .07   SNOSHW  12/01   MOCLDY  23/19
ROCKFORD         19  08B        SUNNY   15/08   MOCLDY  31/25
SACRAMENTO       68  49         MOCLDY  64/53   RAIN    61/53
ST LOUIS         39  08   .06   SUNNY   26/24   PTCLDY  47/37
ST PETERSBURG    70  62  1.31   MOCLDY  68/52   SUNNY   66/53
ST THOMAS VI     83  74         SUNNY   85/77   SUNNY   85/77

$$
SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 4 OF 4
NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
750 AM EST THU FEB 05 2015

TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME HIGH...NIGHTTIME LOW
B INDICATES TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO
PRECIPITATION FOR 24 HOURS ENDING AT 7 AM EST

                                FORECAST        FORECAST
                 WED...FEB 04   THU....FEB 05   FRI....FEB 06
CITY             HI/LO   PCPN   WEA     HI/LO   WEA     HI/LO

SALEM OR         52  47   .09   RAIN    57/49   RAIN    57/49
SALT LAKE CITY   58  42   .01   MOCLDY  63/43   MOCLDY  65/44
SAN ANGELO       75  32         MOCLDY  48/32   SUNNY   72/45
SAN ANTONIO      53  46         MOCLDY  47/38   PTCLDY  64/47
SAN DIEGO        66  55         PTCLDY  69/54   PTCLDY  68/54
SAN FRANCISCO    64  55         MOCLDY  62/57   RAIN    63/57
SAN JOSE         73  51         MOCLDY  66/54   RAIN    66/55
SAN JUAN PR      83  73         SUNNY   83/76   PTCLDY  83/76
SANTA FE         58  24         PTCLDY  59/29   SUNNY   61/32
ST STE MARIE     17  12B  .04   FLRRYS  11/07   MOCLDY  16/05
SAVANNAH         55  46   .76   RAIN    58/28   SUNNY   51/31
SEATTLE          51  47   .38   RAIN    56/51   RAIN    56/49
SHREVEPORT       56  45         MOCLDY  46/29   PTCLDY  59/41
SIOUX CITY       18  11B        SUNNY   20/15   PTCLDY  38/23
SIOUX FALLS      11  07B        PTCLDY  23/16   MOCLDY  35/22
SOUTH BEND       29  13   .08   MOCLDY  15/06   MOCLDY  29/24
SPOKANE          40  35   .04   RAIN    44/39   RAIN    48/42
SPRINGFIELD IL   31  02   .07   SUNNY   20/17   PTCLDY  38/32
SPRINGFIELD MO   46  10         SUNNY   35/25   SUNNY   56/37
SYRACUSE         32  10   .20   MOCLDY  13/04B  MOCLDY  19/15
TALLAHASSEE      53  49  1.11   MOCLDY  61/33   SUNNY   63/34
TAMPA            74  63  1.59   MOCLDY  69/48   SUNNY   67/49
TOLEDO           33  04B  .20   PTCLDY  11/06   MOCLDY  26/23
TOPEKA           24  01   .11   PTCLDY  32/23   SUNNY   56/32
TUCSON           76  47         SUNNY   82/49   SUNNY   83/48
TULSA            52  17         SUNNY   39/28   SUNNY   72/42
TUPELO           48  34         SUNNY   42/22   SUNNY   54/35
WACO             57  35         DRZL    43/32   SUNNY   61/44
WASHINGTON DC    55  36         MOCLDY  36/16   SUNNY   38/26
W PALM BEACH     77  72   .01   SHWRS   78/61   MOCLDY  71/59
WICHITA          35  12   .01   SUNNY   39/26   SUNNY   68/35
WICHITA FALLS    49  27         PTCLDY  42/31   SUNNY   71/45
WILKES BARRE     38  22   .06   MOCLDY  22/03B  MOCLDY  18/12
WILMINGTON DE    48  30         MOCLDY  34/09   PTCLDY  30/23
YAKIMA           44  41   .11   RAIN    45/38   RAIN    50/37
YOUNGSTOWN       36  06   .18   FLRRYS  13/01   MOCLDY  25/22
YUMA             84  54         SUNNY   85/55   SUNNY   86/55

NATIONAL TEMPERATURE EXTREMES

HIGH WED...84 AT YUMA AZ AND PALM SPRINGS CA

LOW  THU...26 BELOW ZERO AT CRANE LAKE MN AND EMBARRASS MN

$$
S$™

Last Updated: 2015-02-05 12:50:12

Wednesday, February 4, 2015

Cities Weather 02042015

Selected Cities

SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 1 OF 4
NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
750 AM EST WED FEB 04 2015

TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME HIGH...NIGHTTIME LOW
B INDICATES TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO
PRECIPITATION FOR 24 HOURS ENDING AT 7 AM EST

                                FORECAST        FORECAST
                 TUE...FEB 03   WED....FEB 04   THU....FEB 05
CITY             HI/LO   PCPN   WEA     HI/LO   WEA     HI/LO

ABILENE TX       57  43         MOCLDY  65/25   MOCLDY  46/35
AKRON CANTON     26  26   .06   SNOW    34/07   VRYCLD  10/01
ALBANY NY        18  04         CLOUDY  32/16   SNOSHW  16/08B
ALBUQUERQUE      59  35         PTCLDY  60/30   PTCLDY  59/34
ALLENTOWN        24  08         MOCLDY  35/24   SNOW    25/03
AMARILLO         64  34         WINDY   47/22   PTCLDY  56/36
ANCHORAGE        16  04         SUNNY   15/06   SUNNY   17/00
ASHEVILLE        48  21         PTCLDY  52/28   PTCLDY  37/18
ATLANTA          51  35         MOCLDY  53/37   PTCLDY  44/24
ATLANTIC CITY    30  17         PTCLDY  45/29   SNOW    32/10
AUSTIN           43  41   .28   MOCLDY  60/39   MOCLDY  49/35
BALTIMORE        34  20         PTCLDY  48/28   WINDY   30/12
BATON ROUGE      46  42   .01   RAIN    54/43   MOCLDY  54/33
BILLINGS         32  08   .08   MOCLDY  31/25   MOCLDY  48/36
BIRMINGHAM       49  29         MOCLDY  53/33   FLRRYS  41/22
BISMARCK         15  07B  .08   VRYCLD  10/02   PTCLDY  29/16
BOISE            46  39   .36   MOCLDY  50/40   CLOUDY  51/41
BOSTON           22  14         CLOUDY  35/25   SNOSHW  27/03B
BRIDGEPORT       24  09   .01   CLOUDY  36/26   FLRRYS  29/03
BROWNSVILLE      53  49   .39   MOCLDY  66/56   MOCLDY  61/49
BUFFALO          20  16   .13   SNOW    32/09   MOCLDY  12/04
BURLINGTON VT    16  16         SNOSHW  28/08   MOCLDY  12/09B
CARIBOU          09  14B        FLRRYS  19/16   MOCLDY  16/09B
CASPER           52  15   .27   SNOW    31/20   WINDY   46/37
CHARLESTON SC    51  32         MOCLDY  59/44   MOCLDY  56/27
CHARLESTON WV    37  22         PTCLDY  51/22   MOCLDY  26/14
CHARLOTTE        46  29         PTCLDY  55/35   PTCLDY  48/20
CHATTANOOGA      47  25         PTCLDY  55/30   PTCLDY  39/22
CHEYENNE         53  21   .02   SNOW    27/22   PTCLDY  51/36
CHICAGO          24  18   .09   CLOUDY  22/03B  SUNNY   16/09
CINCINNATI       36  31         RAIN    39/15   PTCLDY  24/13
CLEVELAND        25  25   .12   SNOW    34/05   MOCLDY  12/05
COLORADO SPGS    60  39         MOCLDY  35/20   PTCLDY  59/34
COLUMBIA SC      50  29         PTCLDY  58/38   PTCLDY  55/23
COLUMBUS GA      52  35         PTCLDY  55/40   PTCLDY  52/27
COLUMBUS OH      30  28         RAIN    37/12   PTCLDY  18/09

$$
SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 2 OF 4
NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
750 AM EST WED FEB 04 2015

TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME HIGH...NIGHTTIME LOW
B INDICATES TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO
PRECIPITATION FOR 24 HOURS ENDING AT 7 AM EST

                                FORECAST        FORECAST
                 TUE...FEB 03   WED....FEB 04   THU....FEB 05
CITY             HI/LO   PCPN   WEA     HI/LO   WEA     HI/LO

CONCORD NH       22  07B        SNOSHW  27/22   MOCLDY  23/08B
CORPUS CHRISTI   47  47   .73   CLOUDY  58/52   CLOUDY  56/44
DALLAS FT WORTH  54  40         MOCLDY  59/30   MOCLDY  43/34
DAYTON           34  31         RNSNOW  35/11   PTCLDY  19/10
DAYTONA BEACH    62  55         CLOUDY  67/58   SHWRS   64/49
DENVER           62  33         SNOW    32/21   PTCLDY  59/39
DES MOINES       27  15   .01   SNOW    20/04B  SUNNY   20/14
DETROIT          24  24   .08   SNOW    31/02   PTCLDY  12/05
DULUTH           14  05         PTCLDY  12/08B  FLRRYS  17/04
EL PASO          67  42         SUNNY   68/40   SUNNY   66/38
ELKINS           31  16         PTCLDY  45/17   SNOW    19/04
ERIE             23  23   .09   SNOW    33/06   VRYCLD  09/02
EUGENE           53  47   .46   MOCLDY  56/46   RAIN    57/49
EVANSVILLE       41  32         MOCLDY  46/17   SUNNY   28/19
FAIRBANKS       B10  27B        VRYCLD B08/29B  VRYCLD B14/31B
FARGO            16  02B  .04   VRYCLD  10/00   PTCLDY  25/11
FLAGSTAFF        60  31         PTCLDY  62/25   SUNNY   64/27
FLINT            24  23   .10   CLOUDY  26/03B  PTCLDY  11/04
FORT SMITH       57  31         MOCLDY  58/24   SUNNY   43/29
FORT WAYNE       27  27   .01   SNOW    32/05   PTCLDY  15/04
FRESNO           67  46         SUNNY   71/45   PTCLDY  67/47
GOODLAND         66  26         SNOW    27/19   PTCLDY  59/32
GRAND JUNCTION   53  31         MOCLDY  52/32   PTCLDY  55/30
GRAND RAPIDS     22  22   .08   CLOUDY  26/03   MOCLDY  16/13
GREAT FALLS      16  11         MOCLDY  38/31   WINDY   49/40
GREEN BAY        18  07   .03   MOCLDY  18/08B  PTCLDY  14/07
GREENSBORO       44  26         PTCLDY  53/34   SUNNY   43/19
HARRISBURG       28  15         MOCLDY  38/25   SNOW    26/07
HARTFORD SPGFLD  24  01B        CLOUDY  34/26   MOCLDY  26/01B
HELENA           50  18   .01   MOCLDY  33/28   MOCLDY  51/33
HONOLULU         82  75   .07   PTCLDY  80/68   SHWRS   79/65
HOUSTON INTCNTL  45  42   .33   CLOUDY  57/43   MOCLDY  55/39
HUNTSVILLE AL    48  29         PTCLDY  54/30   FLRRYS  39/21
INDIANAPOLIS     36  32         SNOW    35/07   SUNNY   18/10
JACKSON MS       48  36         MOCLDY  53/36   PTCLDY  45/26
JACKSONVILLE     56  44         RAIN    57/48   MOCLDY  60/37
JUNEAU           29  20         SUNNY   31/17   WINDY   21/09
KANSAS CITY      46  26         BLGSNO  26/01   SUNNY   28/20
KEY WEST         72  66         MOCLDY  76/71   SHWRS   77/66
KNOXVILLE        44  23         PTCLDY  55/30   MOCLDY  34/15
LAKE CHARLES     45  42   .11   SHWRS   54/43   MOCLDY  55/36
LANSING          23  22   .07   CLOUDY  25/00   PTCLDY  11/07
LAS VEGAS        69  50         SUNNY   71/47   PTCLDY  73/49
LEXINGTON        37  28         PTCLDY  49/21   PTCLDY  27/16

$$
SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 3 OF 4
NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
750 AM EST WED FEB 04 2015

TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME HIGH...NIGHTTIME LOW
B INDICATES TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO
PRECIPITATION FOR 24 HOURS ENDING AT 7 AM EST

                                FORECAST        FORECAST
                 TUE...FEB 03   WED....FEB 04   THU....FEB 05
CITY             HI/LO   PCPN   WEA     HI/LO   WEA     HI/LO

LINCOLN          38  20   .04   SNOW    20/06B  PTCLDY  24/17
LITTLE ROCK      53  32         MOCLDY  57/25   SUNNY   38/24
LOS ANGELES      72  56         PTCLDY  71/54   PTCLDY  73/53
LOUISVILLE       41  36         MOCLDY  47/19   SUNNY   29/20
LUBBOCK          68  35         WINDY   64/23   PTCLDY  52/34
MACON            51  29         MOCLDY  54/39   PTCLDY  55/23
MADISON          17  15   .14   MOCLDY  18/08B  SUNNY   15/08
MEDFORD          57  50   .29   MOCLDY  60/47   RAIN    57/48
MEMPHIS          49  34         PTCLDY  52/25   SUNNY   36/27
MIAMI BEACH      77  64         MOCLDY  76/68   SHWRS   77/61
MIDLAND ODESSA   58  39         PTCLDY  67/25   PTCLDY  56/33
MILWAUKEE        21  18   .09   MOCLDY  18/03B  SUNNY   14/10
MPLS ST PAUL     16  10   .07   PTCLDY  13/00   PTCLDY  19/11
MISSOULA         42  26         MOCLDY  35/27   CLOUDY  40/33
MOBILE           50  41   .01   RAIN    54/40   PTCLDY  55/31
MONTGOMERY       49  37         RAIN    54/38   PTCLDY  50/24
NASHVILLE        45  28         PTCLDY  53/24   PTCLDY  33/19
NEW ORLEANS      49  46   .20   RAIN    55/46   MOCLDY  57/39
NEW YORK CITY    24  23         MOCLDY  39/27   FLRRYS  29/05
NEWARK           25  18         MOCLDY  40/27   FLRRYS  30/05
NORFOLK VA       36  24         PTCLDY  52/39   WINDY   40/19
NORTH PLATTE     57  16   .32   SNOW    20/07   PTCLDY  43/24
OKLAHOMA CITY    59  34         WINDY   49/18   SUNNY   41/30
OMAHA            34  16   .04   SNOW    19/07B  PTCLDY  21/16
ORLANDO          68  53         CLOUDY  72/60   SHWRS   69/49
PADUCAH          43  28         PTCLDY  48/19   SUNNY   31/20
PENDLETON        45  37   .15   CLOUDY  48/38   RAIN    52/46
PEORIA           34  25         SNOW    22/03B  SUNNY   15/09
PHILADELPHIA     30  23         MOCLDY  43/28   SNOW    30/12
PHOENIX          76  53         SUNNY   78/54   SUNNY   81/57
PITTSBURGH       26  25   .01   RAIN    40/14   MOCLDY  15/05
POCATELLO        50  40   .25   MOCLDY  50/36   MOCLDY  55/36
PORTLAND ME      20  02B        SNOSHW  30/23   SNOW    24/03B
PORTLAND OR      50  44   .15   MOCLDY  52/44   RAIN    55/49
PROVIDENCE       23  05         MOCLDY  37/30   SNOSHW  30/00
PUEBLO           66  35         MOCLDY  39/15   PTCLDY  65/30
RALEIGH DURHAM   45  27         PTCLDY  55/36   PTCLDY  47/19
RAPID CITY       47  11         PTCLDY  23/14   MOCLDY  51/32
RENO             66  38         PTCLDY  71/44   WINDY   70/49
RICHMOND         42  27         PTCLDY  54/36   MOCLDY  41/16
ROANOKE          43  24         SUNNY   54/33   SUNNY   36/16
ROCHESTER NY     22  14   .03   SNOW    34/11   SNOSHW  14/01
ROCKFORD         20  15   .09   MOCLDY  21/09B  SUNNY   13/08
SACRAMENTO       69  47         PTCLDY  64/47   MOCLDY  62/52
ST LOUIS         50  36         SNOW    34/09   SUNNY   27/22
ST PETERSBURG    65  56         MOCLDY  72/61   SHWRS   67/51
ST THOMAS VI     84  73         SUNNY   84/77   SUNNY   84/77

$$
SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 4 OF 4
NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
750 AM EST WED FEB 04 2015

TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME HIGH...NIGHTTIME LOW
B INDICATES TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO
PRECIPITATION FOR 24 HOURS ENDING AT 7 AM EST

                                FORECAST        FORECAST
                 TUE...FEB 03   WED....FEB 04   THU....FEB 05
CITY             HI/LO   PCPN   WEA     HI/LO   WEA     HI/LO

SALEM OR         51  47   .26   MOCLDY  56/46   RAIN    57/49
SALT LAKE CITY   59  44   .02   RAIN    59/39   PTCLDY  62/37
SAN ANGELO       57  42         MOCLDY  68/32   MOCLDY  50/35
SAN ANTONIO      45  43   .29   MOCLDY  62/43   MOCLDY  53/38
SAN DIEGO        70  57         PTCLDY  70/53   PTCLDY  72/53
SAN FRANCISCO    64  52         PTCLDY  61/50   MOCLDY  62/54
SAN JOSE         72  48         PTCLDY  67/45   MOCLDY  66/48
SAN JUAN PR      85  74         PTCLDY  84/76   SUNNY   84/76
SANTA FE         53  30         PTCLDY  55/25   PTCLDY  55/27
ST STE MARIE     22  12         SNOSHW  13/15B  VRYCLD  10/05
SAVANNAH         52  35         RAIN    59/43   MOCLDY  58/30
SEATTLE          50  40   .05   RAIN    51/46   RAIN    54/50
SHREVEPORT       50  38         CLOUDY  55/37   MOCLDY  45/31
SIOUX CITY       25  14   .01   MOCLDY  15/08B  PTCLDY  22/16
SIOUX FALLS      21  11         VRYCLD  10/05B  PTCLDY  24/17
SOUTH BEND       26  25   .09   SNOW    27/05   MOCLDY  16/04
SPOKANE          43  34         CLOUDY  41/36   RAIN    45/41
SPRINGFIELD IL   39  30         SNOW    26/03   SUNNY   18/12
SPRINGFIELD MO   53  31         SNOW    42/11   SUNNY   35/23
SYRACUSE         22  06   .02   SNOW    33/08   VRYCLD  09/07B
TALLAHASSEE      54  47         RAIN    54/47   PTCLDY  61/34
TAMPA            68  54         MOCLDY  73/61   SHWRS   68/49
TOLEDO           25  24   .13   SNOW    34/04   VRYCLD  10/04
TOPEKA           55  25         SNOW    26/03   PTCLDY  31/22
TUCSON           76  47         SUNNY   76/47   SUNNY   82/48
TULSA            58  37         WINDY   49/15   SUNNY   40/28
TUPELO           48  28         MOCLDY  53/29   SUNNY   39/23
WACO             49  41         MOCLDY  61/34   MOCLDY  46/32
WASHINGTON DC    39  30         PTCLDY  51/31   PTCLDY  32/16
W PALM BEACH     75  67         MOCLDY  75/68   SHWRS   77/63
WICHITA          55  32         WINDY   33/10   PTCLDY  40/26
WICHITA FALLS    60  36         PTCLDY  53/24   SUNNY   43/30
WILKES BARRE     23  13         CLOUDY  33/18   MOCLDY  18/04B
WILMINGTON DE    31  23         MOCLDY  43/28   SNOW    30/11
YAKIMA           48  32   .01   CLOUDY  43/34   RAIN    45/39
YOUNGSTOWN       24  24   .09   SNOW    35/06   VRYCLD  08/01
YUMA             82  56         SUNNY   84/54   SUNNY   87/55

NATIONAL TEMPERATURE EXTREMES

HIGH TUE...83 AT RIVERSIDE CA AND RIVERSIDE CA

LOW  WED...21 BELOW ZERO AT JORDAN MT

$$
S$™