cmt1 December 11 2015

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: "Columbia Mountain Times™" <noreply+feedproxy@google.com>
Date: Dec 11, 2015 1:15 PM
Subject: cmt1
To: <dprit4@gmail.com>
Cc:

cmt1

---

• The Roundup Fortuna
• Union Democrat Top Headlines for 12/11/2015
• History of Barb Wire use mainly to stop Range Wars in Timelines
• Season's Greetings from JetXpress Laundry
• Record precipitation in Washington leads to widespread flooding
• GDACS daily newsletter for 11/12/2015
• The Roundup Fortuna
• City Weather
• USS CONSTELLATION CVA64 CODE
• Deaf and blind puppies
• The Roundup Fortuna
• Redline illegal including Mental Health
• Union Democrat Top Headlines for 12/10/2015
• cmt1 December 10 2015

The Roundup Fortuna Posted: 11 Dec 2015 09:48 AM PST SXUS56 KEKA 111735 OSOEKA   -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------    12-11-15 07:40 Wx data collected by K6KBE, Ione, CA  ... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Union Democrat Top Headlines for 12/11/2015 Posted: 11 Dec 2015 08:10 AM PST ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: "The Union Democrat" <udemailnotifications@uniondemocrat.com> Date: Dec 11, 2015 11:03 AM Subject: Union Democrat Top Headlines for... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

History of Barb Wire use mainly to stop Range Wars in Timelines Posted: 11 Dec 2015 07:11 AM PST Englishman Richard Newton brought barbed wire to the Argentine pampas in 1845.[8] Fencing consisting of flat and thin wire was first proposed in France, by Leonce Eugene Grassin-Baledans in 1860.... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Season's Greetings from JetXpress Laundry Posted: 11 Dec 2015 05:57 AM PST ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: "JetXpress Laundry" <jetxpress@comcast.net> Date: Dec 11, 2015 8:33 AM Subject: Season's Greetings from JetXpress Laundry To: ... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Record precipitation in Washington leads to widespread flooding Posted: 11 Dec 2015 04:01 AM PST ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: "USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service" <USDA-NRCS@public.govdelivery.com> Date: Dec 10, 2015 4:39 PM Subject: Record precipitation... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

GDACS daily newsletter for 11/12/2015 Posted: 11 Dec 2015 03:59 AM PST ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: "GDACS" <gdacs-noreply@jrc.ec.europa.eu> Date: Dec 11, 2015 2:04 AM Subject: GDACS daily newsletter for 11/12/2015 To: ... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

The Roundup Fortuna Posted: 10 Dec 2015 11:14 AM PST NOTE: "FAIR" INDICATES FEW OR NO CLOUDS BELOW 12,000 FEET WITH NO SIGNIFICANT WEATHER AND/OR OBSTRUCTIONS TO VISIBILITY. FLZ001>010-012>015-112-114-115-101900- PANHANDLE FLORIDA... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

City Weather Posted: 10 Dec 2015 11:08 AM PST Selected Cities SELECTED CITIES WEATHER SUMMARY AND FORECASTS...PART 1 OF 4 NWS/NDFD TELECOMMUNICATION OPERATIONS CENTER SILVER SPRING MD 750 AM EST THU DEC 10 2015 TEMPERATURES INDICATE DAYTIME... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

USS CONSTELLATION CVA64 CODE Posted: 10 Dec 2015 10:34 AM PST ... . .-.. . -.-. - . -.. -.-. .. - .. . ...  ... . .-.. . -.-. - . -.. -.-. .. - .. . ... .-- . .- - .... . .-. ... ..- -- -- .- .-. -.-- .- -. -.. ..-. --- .-. . -.-. .- ... - ...... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Deaf and blind puppies Posted: 10 Dec 2015 10:22 AM PST ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: "Change.org" <mail@change.org> Date: Dec 10, 2015 1:19 PM Subject: Deaf and blind puppies To: <guyperea1@gmail.com> Cc: ... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

The Roundup Fortuna Posted: 10 Dec 2015 09:38 AM PST SXUS56 KEKA 101735 OSOEKA   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------    12-10-15- 07:30 Wx data collected by WB6RDP, Yucaipa, CA  ... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Redline illegal including Mental Health Posted: 10 Dec 2015 08:52 AM PST Under federal law, disabled tenants and prospective tenants with a disability have the right to apply for and live in a rental unit regardless of their impairment. When a landlord rejects disabled... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Union Democrat Top Headlines for 12/10/2015 Posted: 10 Dec 2015 08:09 AM PST ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: "The Union Democrat" <udemailnotifications@uniondemocrat.com> Date: Dec 10, 2015 11:06 AM Subject: Union Democrat Top Headlines for... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

cmt1 December 10 2015 Posted: 10 Dec 2015 08:08 AM PST ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: "Columbia Mountain Times™" <noreply+feedproxy@google.com> Date: Dec 10, 2015 10:50 AM Subject: cmt1 To: <dprit4@gmail.com> Cc: ... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

You are subscribed to email updates from Columbia Mountain Times™. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

The Roundup Fortuna

SXUS56 KEKA 111735
OSOEKA
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   12-11-15 07:40 Wx data collected by K6KBE, Ione, CA

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  CALL  LOCATION       ELEV   HI  LO  CU BARO+/- WIND/PK VIS SKY PRCP  HUM/DP REM

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

       Alameda County

WA6CUY  Oakland         350     64 42 42 29.92-05  CALM/S29  UL OVC .66   96 43 16:11                                      

       Amador County

K6KBE   Ione            670     56 45 45 29.73-05  SE6/SE30  5  RA  .56   97 47 07:00

KG6MH   Pioneer        3100     46 33 33 29.59-09  CALM/     .5-RA 1.35   99 33 

       Humboldt County

K6PIJ   Fortuna         208     59 43 43 29.80+04  SE7/SE18  UL OVC .58   93 41 05:45    

       Lake County

W6WMV   Finley         1350     58 38 39 29.85-00  CALM/SW17 UL-RA 1.29   97 38 10:42

       San Bernardino County

WA6OQQ  Lake ArrowHead 5500     58 35 35 29.75-25  S13/      2  OVC .1   

WB6RDP  Yucipa         2800     73 47 47 29.74-18  CALM/W12  5  OVC .06  100 47 02:48

       Trinity County

KI6BVP  Hayfork       1800     48 33 33 29.58-NA  CALM/     UL RA 1.0    96 42

       Tuolumne County

AF6EX   Tuolumne       2800     50 33 34 29.81-NA  CALM/NW14 2 -RA  .71   96 33 09:30

       Out Of State    

       Montana

W7VOS   Kalispell      3000     39 31 37 29.72+03  E2/SE10   UL OVC .15   81 32 00:25

       Nevada

WA7HVA  Galena         5050     53 28 30 29.57+03  CALM/N20  UL OVC .35         4" SN

K6PSD   Las Vegas      2900     86 51 51 29.65-37  SW5/S28   UL CLR  0    45 30 19:30        

       Oregon

WA7EXI  Hood River      750     51 37 37 29.54+30  CALM/SW30 UL OVC .29   96 37 11:32

K7SEG   Gold Beach       50     55 43 48 29.51+09  SE12/S31  UL OVC .62   84 43 11:35

       Washington

KF4LJX  Vancouver       216     53 41 43 29.44+21  SE9/SE26  UL OVC .65   84 39 10:00

Union Democrat Top Headlines for 12/11/2015

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: "The Union Democrat" <udemailnotifications@uniondemocrat.com>
Date: Dec 11, 2015 11:03 AM
Subject: Union Democrat Top Headlines for 12/11/2015
To: <guyperea1@gmail.com>
Cc:

Send this to a friend View this message in your browser

Today's top headlines Friday, December 11, 2015  |  uniondemocrat.com

Mobile phone service expansions planned in Yosemite, Groveland Mobile phone service in Groveland is spotty at best for many residents and people who work in the area, and some of them wonder why plans are afoot to improve coverage for visitors in Yosemite National Park. There are also plans for new cell towers near Continue reading →

advertisements:

Today's Headlines   Community donates to new Angels Camp Police K-9 unit Devastation. That's what members of the Angels Camp Police Department felt after the passing of 6-year-old police K-9 unit Kain in Continue reading →   McClintock backs plan to give away guns at event Mother Lode Congressman Tom McClintock, R-Roseville, said he supports a Republican House candidate's plan to reward campaign donors with firearms Continue reading →   Computer science ignites learning at burn-area school Donna Vial thinks computer coding classes can "light a new spark" at Rail Road Flat Elementary School. ldquo;This school is under-served, Continue reading →   Shop with a Cop event helps children; aims to improve relationship with law enforcement Tuolumne County law enforcement officers will take more than 60 kids shopping on Saturday. The event, "Shop with a Cop," is Continue reading →   Supervisors to consider jail design changes With new estimates putting Tuolumne County's new jail at $3.5 million over budget, the Board of Supervisors on Tuesday will Continue reading →   Sonora ready to host Hanford in state playoff The Wildcats were more spirited in practice Wednesday afternoon than they have been maybe all season. Sonora quarterback and holder Sammy Continue reading →   Wildcats face Bullpups for NorCal D4 crown Champion vs. champion. Division V vs. Division III. Mountain toughness and physicality vs. freakish speed and athleticism. Band vs. band. Crowd vs. crowd. Tonight's California Continue reading →   Chicken Ranch welcomes all to annual holiday dinner Gifts for children and meals for all others will be offered Dec. 18 at Chicken Ranch Casino in Jamestown. The purpose Continue reading →

Connect with The Union Democrat:

SUBSCRIBER SERVICES: Start a Subscription Create a Password Manage My Account This email was delivered to guyperea1@gmail.com because you registered for Email Membership at uniondemocrat.com. To update your subscription preferences, email address and contact information, Visit your Profile Manager. Manage your newsletter subscriptions and preferences Unsubscribe from all Union Democrat newsletters Privacy policy Copyright © 2015 The Union Democrat, All rights reserved. 84 S. Washington Street • Sonora, California 95370 USA 209-532-7151 • uniondemocrat.com • webmaster@uniondemocrat.com

History of Barb Wire use mainly to stop Range Wars in Timelines

Englishman Richard Newton brought barbed wire to the Argentine pampas in 1845.^[8]

Fencing consisting of flat and thin wire was first proposed in France, by Leonce Eugene Grassin-Baledans in 1860. His design consisted of bristling points, creating a fence that was painful to cross. In April 1865 Louis François Janin proposed a double wire with diamond-shaped metal barbs; he was granted a patent. Michael Kelly from New York had a similar idea, and proposed that the fencing should be used specifically for deterring animals.^[9]

More patents followed, and in 1867 alone there were six patents issued for barbed wire. Only two of them addressed livestock deterrence, one of which was from American Lucien B. Smith of Ohio.^[10] Before 1870, westward movement in the USA was largely across the plains with little or no settlement occurring. After theAmerican Civil War the plains were extensively settled, consolidating America's dominance over them.^[11]

Ranchers moved out on the plains, and needed to fence their land in against encroaching farmers and other ranchers. The railroads throughout the growing West needed to keep livestock off their tracks, and farmers needed to keep stray cattle from trampling their crops.^[12] Traditional fence materials used in the Eastern U.S., like wood and stone, were expensive to use in the large open spaces of the plains, and hedging was not reliable in the rocky, clay-based and rain-starved dusty soils. A cost-effective alternative was needed to make cattle operations profitable.^[13]

The 1873 meeting and initial development

An early handmade specimen of Glidden's "The Winner" on display at the Barbed Wire History Museum inDeKalb, Illinois.

Patent drawing for Joseph F. Glidden's Improvement to barbed wire

The "Big Four" in barbed wire wereJoseph Glidden, Jacob Haish, Charles Francis Washburn, and Isaac L. Ellwood.^[14] Glidden, a farmer in 1873 and the first of the "Big Four," is often credited for designing a successful sturdy barbed wire product, but he let others popularize it for him. Glidden's idea came from a display at a fair inDeKalb, Illinois in 1873, by Henry B. Rose. Rose had patented "The Wooden Strip with Metallic Points" in May 1873.^[15]

This was simply a wooden block with wire protrusions designed to keep cows from breaching the fence. That day, Glidden was accompanied by two other men, Isaac L. Ellwood, a hardware dealer and Jacob Haish, a lumber merchant. Like Glidden, they both wanted to create a more durable wire fence with fixed barbs. Glidden experimented with a grindstone to twist two wires together to hold the barbs on the wire in place. They were created from experiments with a coffee mill from his home.^[15]

Later Glidden was joined by Ellwood who knew his design could not compete with Glidden's for which he applied for a patent in October 1873.^[16] Meanwhile, Haish, who had already secured several patents for barbed wire design, applied over a week before Glidden for a patent on his third type of wire, the S barb, and accused Glidden of interference, deferring Glidden's approval for his patented wire nicknamed "The Winner" until November 24, 1874.^[17]

Barbed wire production greatly increased with Glidden and Ellwood's establishment of the Barb Fence Company in DeKalb following the success of "The Winner". The company's success attracted the attention of Charles Francis Washburn, Vice President of Washburn & Moen Manufacturing Company, an important producer of plain wire in the Eastern U.S. Washburn visited De Kalb and convinced Glidden to sell his stake in the Barb Wire Fence Company, while Ellwood stayed in DeKalb and renamed the company I.L Ellwood & Company of DeKalb.^[18]

Promotion and consolidationEdit

In the late 1870s, John Warne Gates of Illinois began to promote barbed wire, now a proven product, in the lucrative markets of Texas. At first, Texans were hesitant, as they feared that cattle might be harmed, or that the North was somehow trying to make profits from the South. There was also conflict between the farmers who wanted fencing and the ranchers who were losing the open range.^[12]

Demonstrations by Gates in San Antonio in 1876 showed that the wire could keep cattle contained, and sales then increased dramatically. Gates eventually parted company with Ellwood and became a barbed wire baron in his own right. Throughout the height of barbed wire sales in the late 19th century, Washburn, Ellwood, Gates, and Haish competed with one another, but Ellwood and Gates eventually joined forces again to create the American Steel and Wire Company, later acquired by The U.S. Steel Corporation.^[19]

Between 1873 and 1899 there were as many as 150 companies manufacturing barbed wire to cash in on the demand in the West: investors were aware that the business did not require much capital and it was considered that almost anyone with enough determination could make a profit from manufacture of a new wire design.^[20] There was then a sharp decline in the number of manufacturing firms, as many were consolidated into larger companies, notably the American Steel and Wire Company, formed by the merging of Gates's and Washburn's and Ellwood's industries.

Smaller companies were wiped out because of economies of scale and the smaller pool of consumers available to them, compared to the larger corporations. The American Steel and Wire Company established in 1899 employed vertical integration: it controlled all aspects of production from producing the steel rods to making many different wire and nail products from the same steel; although later part of U.S. Steel, the production of barbed wire would still be a major source of revenue

Another inventor, William Edenborn, a German immigrant who later settled inWinn Parish, Louisiana, patented a machine which simplified the making of barbed wire and cut the unit price of production from seventeen to three cents per pound. His particular wire is the "humane" version that did not harm cattle. The original wire was sharp-teethed and contributed to western range wars. Edenborn's company in time supplied 75 percent of the barbed wire in the United States. A wire nail machine that he also patented reduced the price of wire nails from eight to two cents per pound.^[21][22]